States Creation In Nigeria

 States Creation In Nigeria

1. May 27th 1967- Gen. Yakubu Gowon created 12 States.
2. Feb. 3rd 1976- Gen Murtala Muhammed created 7 States.
3. Sept. 23rd 1987- Gen. Ibrahim Babangida created 2 States.
4. Aug. 27th 1991- Gen. Ibrahim Babangida created 9 States.
5. Oct. 1st 1996- Gen. Sanni Abacha created 6 States.

Political Apathy & Factors

 

POLITICAL APATHY

This refers to the degree to which citizens show no interest in the
political activities of their country. It is direct opposite of
political participation.

FACTORS THAT CAUSE POLITICAL APATHY

Communalism

 

Communalism

 Communalism is a political and economic arrangement which emphasis on
collectivity. The member of the community gather all their resource

Features of Communalism

  Features of Communalism

 1. There is collective ownership of the resources.
 2. There is the opportunity for individuals to participate in
     community development.

Primary Election

Primary Election

This involves political parties presenting their candidate for any
election in a country. It is an election conducted within a political

By Election

 By Election

This is an election conducted in order to fill a vacant post in
political offices. This comes up as a result of impeachment, recall

Legitimacy and Factors

 

Legitimacy

The word legitimacy is coined from the latin word legitimus which means according to law. Therefore it is defined as lawful and constitutional claims to power. It is also said to be the recognition and acceptance by the citizen the right of their ruler or leader to govern them. In a legitimate government, obedience is not based on fear of sanctions but on loyalty to the ruler and the state.

Factors that determine legitimacy

Types of authority

 Types of Authority

1. Political Authority: This is the right to rule , make and implement
laws and policies for a state.
2. Military Authority: This is the legitimate power of the armed
forces or military to defend the country from external attack or
aggression.
3. Judicial Authority: This is the power of judges to give judgment in
courts and secure obedience from the public.

Authority and Sources

 

Authority

Authority can be defined as the legal right to make or enforce law or
policy which a citizen must obey.

SOURCES OF AUTHORITY

1. Legal Authority: The exercise of legal authority is derived from a
body of rules, regulations, laws, constitutions and decree governing a
state. For example, people obey policemen because they have the
backing of the law.

Characteristics of Government

1. LAW: It guides the activities, beliefs and behaviour of the
citizens. Laws made by government are entrenched in the constitution.
2. REVENUE: government needs enough revenue for the enormous task facing it.
3. PERIODIC CHANGE: No government is permanent especially the one
that is based on people's participation.
4. WELFARE SERVICES: Government must provide essential services for
the citizens e.g water, electricity and so on.
5. LEGITIMACY: The government must have the people's support.
6. PROTECTION: The people must be protected by the government.
7. POLITICAL POWER: The government's policies and laws are obeyed
because of the power it possess.

Power and Forms

 POWER

Power is the capacity to affect another's behaviour by the threat of
some sanctions. Thus sanctions may be positive or negative. However,
sanctions are used if there is non-compliance.

FORMS OF POWER

POLITICAL POWER: The elected president or prime minister of a state
possesses political power. It is the power derived from the people and
constitution.
ECONOMICAL POWER: An individual in possession of economic resources
could use such to influence issues in a state.
MILITARY POWER: The armed forces(army, navy, and air-force control the
instrument of violence in a country.
PHYSICAL POWER: It is the application of naked power to compel
obedience. The outcome of this application could bring discomfort or
even disastrous end.

Government as an institution of the state

It can be defined as a machinery set up by the state to organize the
state, manage its affairs and administer its functions and duties.
A state without a government is an anarchical state whereby there is
no publicly enforced government.

Government as an academic field of study

Government as an academic field of study can be defined as a social science subject studied in schools, colleges and institution of higher learning and it is popularly known as political science.